Terms
used in the conventional Inventory system and as referred in Oracle Inventory
may be different. A brief explanation of the ‘Oracle Inventory’ term’s
vis-à-vis the existing terminology is provided the following paragraphs. These
terms are extensively used in documenting the ‘Inventory - To Be’ flows and it
is recommended that the various users of this system get acquainted with the
same.
Item Validation Organization: The organization that contains your master list of items.
You define it by setting the OE: Item
Validation Organization profile option.
Logical organization: A business unit that tracks items for accounting purposes
but does not physically exist.
Organization: A business unit such as a plant, warehouse, division,
department, and so on. Order Management refers to organizations as warehouses
on all Order Management windows and reports.
Destination organization: An inventory organization that receives item shipments from
a given Organization.
Workday calendar: A calendar that identifies available workdays for one or
more organizations. Master Scheduling/MRP, Inventory, Work in Process, and
Capacity plan and schedule activities based on a calendar’s available workdays.
Workday exception set: An entity that defines mutually exclusive sets of workday
exceptions. For each organization, you can specify a workday calendar and
exception set.
Primary unit of measure: The stocking unit of measure for an item in a particular
organization.
Unit of measure: The unit that the quantity of an item is expressed.
Unit of measure class: A group of units of measure and their corresponding base
unit of measure. The standard unit classes are Length, Weight, Volume, Area,
Time, and Pack.
Unit of measure conversions: Numerical factors that enable you to perform transactions
in units other than the primary unit of the item being transacted.
Category:
Code used to group items with
similar characteristics, such as plastics, metals, or glass items.
Category set A feature in Inventory where users may define their own
group of categories. Typical category sets include purchasing, materials,
costing, and planning.
Purchased item: An item that you buy and receive. If an item is also an
inventory item, you may also be able to stock it.
Standard item: Any item that can have a bill or be a component on a bill
except planning items, option classes, or models. Standard items include
purchased items, subassemblies, and finished products.
Substitute item: An item that can be used in place of a component. Master
Scheduling/MRP suggests substitutes items on some reports.
Inventory item: Items you stock in inventory. You control inventory for
inventory items by quantity and value. Typically, the inventory item remains an
asset until you consume it. You recognize the cost of an inventory item as an
expense when you consume it or sell it. You generally value the inventory for
an item by multiplying the item standard cost by the quantity on hand.
Item attribute control level: To maintain item attributes at the item master attribute
level or the Organization specific level by defining item attribute control
consistent with your company policies. For example, if your company determines
serial number control at headquarters regardless of where items are used, you
define and maintain serial number attribute control at the item master level.
If each organization maintains serial number control locally, they maintain
those attributes at the organization specific level.
Item attributes: Specific characteristics of an item, such as order cost,
item status, revision control, COGS account, etc.
Item master level attribute: An item attribute you control at the item master level as
opposed to controlling at the organization level.
Item status: Code used to control the transaction activity of an item.
Deletion constraint: A business rule that restricts the entities you can delete.
A deletion constraint is a test that must succeed before an item, bill, or
routing can be deleted.
Current on–hand quantity: Total quantity of the item on–hand before a transaction is
processed.
On–hand quantity: The physical quantity of an item existing in inventory.
Subinventory:
Subdivision of an organization,
representing either a physical area or a logical grouping of items, such as a
storeroom or receiving dock.
Locator: Physical
area within a subinventory where you store material, such as a row, aisle, bin,
or shelf.
Locator control: An Oracle manufacturing technique for enforcing use of
locators during a material transaction.
Revision A
particular version of an item, bill of material, or routing.
Revision control: An inventory control option that tracks inventory by item
revision and forces you to specify a revision for each material transaction.
Lot: A
specific batch of an item identified by a number.
Lot control: An Oracle Manufacturing technique for enforcing use of lot
numbers during material transactions thus enabling the tracking of batches of
items throughout their movement in and out of inventory.
Serial number: A number assigned to each unit of an item and used to track
the item.
Serial numbers control: A manufacturing technique for enforcing use of serial
numbers during a material transaction.
Min–max planning: An inventory planning method used to determine when and how
much to order based on a fixed user–entered minimum and maximum inventory
levels.
Reorder point planning: An inventory planning method used to determine when and how
much to order based on customer service level, safety stock, carrying cost,
order setup cost, lead time and average demand.
Safety stock: Quantity of stock planned to have in inventory to protect
against fluctuations in demand and/or supply.
ABC classification: A method of classifying items in decreasing order of
importance, such as annual dollar volume or your company’s transaction history.
Cycle counting: An inventory accuracy analysis technique where inventory is
counted on a cyclic schedule rather than once a year.
Physicals inventory: A periodic reconciliation of item counts with system
on–hand quantities.
Account alias: An easily recognized name or label representing an account
charged on miscellaneous transactions. You may view, report, and reserve
against an account alias.
Inter–organization transfer: Transfer of items from one inventory organization to
another You can have freight charges and transfer credits associated with
inter–organization transfer. You can choose to ship items directly or have them
go through intransit inventory.
Material transaction: Transfer between, issue from, receipt to, or adjustment to
an inventory organization, subinventory, or locator. Receipt of completed
assemblies into inventory from a job or repetitive schedule. Issue of component
items from inventory to work in process.
Transaction cost: The cost per unit at which the transaction quantity is
valued.
Transaction interface: An open interface table through which you can import
transactions.
Transaction manager: A concurrent program that controls your manufacturing
transactions.
Receipt: A
shipment from one supplier that can include many items ordered on many purchase
orders.
Return to supplier: A transaction that allows you to return to the supplier
items from a fully or partially received purchase order and receive credit for
them.
Supplier: Provider
of goods or services.
Accounting period: The fiscal period a company uses to report financial
results, such as a calendar month or fiscal period.
Average costing: A costing method which can be used to cost transactions in
both inventory only and manufacturing (inventory and work in
process) environments. As you perform transactions, the system uses the
transaction price or cost and automatically recalculates the average unit cost
of your items.
Standard costing: A costing method where a predetermined standard cost is
used for charging material, resource, overhead, period close, job close, and
cost update transactions and valuing inventory. Any deviation in actual costs
from the predetermined standard is recorded as a variance.
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