Bulk Bind In Oracle

Normalization :

1NF	Eliminate Repeating Groups - Make a separate table for each set of related attributes, and give each table a primary key.
2NF	Eliminate Redundant Data - If an attribute depends on only part of a multi-valued key, remove it to a separate table.
3NF	Eliminate Columns Not Dependent On Key - If attributes do not contribute to a description of the key, remove them to a separate table.
BCNF	Boyce-Codd Normal Form - If there are non-trivial dependencies between candidate key attributes, separate them out into distinct tables.
4NF	Isolate Independent Multiple Relationships - No table may contain two or more 1:n or n:m relationships that are not directly related.
5NF	Isolate Semantically Related Multiple Relationships - There may be practical constrains on information that justify separating logically related many-to-many relationships.

4NF Isolate Independent Multiple Relationships

Initial business request

Incorrect solution

Correct 4th normal form

5NF : Isolate Semantically Related Multiple Relationships

Initial business request

Incorrect solution

Correct 5th normal form

Bulk Bind:

Improves the performance of oracle while manipulating data in Loops in Pl/sql.

It can be implemented with For all Construct in Pl/SQL.

Example :

The time taken to insert, update then delete 10,000 rows using regular FOR..LOOP statements is approximately 34 seconds on my test server:

CREATE TABLE test1( id NUMBER(10) primary key, description VARCHAR2(50));

The time taken to insert, update then delete 10,000 rows using regular FOR..LOOP statements is approximately 34 seconds on my test server:

DECLARE

TYPE id_type IS TABLE OF test1.id%TYPE;

TYPE description_type IS TABLE OF test1.description%TYPE;

t_id id_type := id_type();

t_description description_type := description_type();

BEGIN

FOR i IN 1 .. 10000 LOOP

t_id.extend;

t_description.extend;

t_id(t_id.last) := i;

t_description(t_description.last) := 'Description: ' || To_Char(i);

END LOOP;

FOR i IN t_id.first .. t_id.last LOOP

INSERT INTO test1 (id, description)

VALUES (t_id(i), t_description(i));

END LOOP;

FOR i IN t_id.first .. t_id.last LOOP

UPDATE test1 SET description = t_description(i)

WHERE id = t_id(i);

END LOOP;

FOR i IN t_id.first .. t_id.last LOOP

DELETE test1 WHERE id = t_id(i);

END LOOP;

Commit;

End;

Using the FORALL construct to bulk bind the inserts this time is reduced to 18 seconds:

DECLARE

TYPE id_type IS TABLE OF test1.id%TYPE;

TYPE description_type IS TABLE OF test1.description%TYPE;

t_id id_type := id_type();

t_description description_type := description_type();

BEGIN

FOR i IN 1 .. 10000 LOOP

t_id.extend;

t_description.extend;

t_id(t_id.last) := i;

t_description(t_description.last) := 'Description: ' || To_Char(i);

END LOOP;

FORALL i IN t_id.first .. t_id.last

INSERT INTO test1 (id, description)

VALUES (t_id(i), t_description(i));

FORALL i IN t_id.first .. t_id.last

UPDATE test1 SET description = t_description(i)

WHERE id = t_id(i);

FORALL i IN t_id.first .. t_id.last

DELETE test1 WHERE id = t_id(i);

COMMIT;

END;

/

Using Bulk Collect :

Populating two collections with 10,000 rows using a FOR..LOOP takes

approximately 1.02 seconds:

DECLARE

TYPE id_type IS TABLE OF test1.id%TYPE;

TYPE description_type IS TABLE OF test1.description%TYPE;

t_id id_type := id_type();

t_description description_type := description_type();

CURSOR c_data is SELECT * FROM test1;

BEGIN

FOR cur_rec IN c_data LOOP

t_id.extend;

t_description.extend;

t_id(t_id.last) := cur_rec.id;

t_description(t_description.last) := cur_rec.description;

END LOOP;

END;

 

Using the BULK COLLECT INTO construct reduces this time to approximately

0.01 seconds:

DECLARE

TYPE id_type IS TABLE OF test1.id%TYPE;

TYPE description_type IS TABLE OF test1.description%TYPE;

t_id id_type;

t_description description_type;

BEGIN

SELECT id, description

BULK COLLECT INTO t_id, t_description FROM test1;

END;